mysqld


mysqld

mysqld [options]

When mysqld is started, you can use various options. Although these options may be given on the command line, it's common practice to enter them into a configuration file. On Unix-based systems, the main configuration file typically is /etc/my.cnf. For Windows systems, the main file is usually either c:\systems\my.ini or c:\my.conf. Options are entered on separate lines and follow a variable=value format. They are grouped under headings contained within square brackets. The mysqld daemon reads options from the configuration file under the headings of [mysqld] and [server] as it's started. The following is an alphabetical list of options that apply to the mysqld daemon and an explanation of each. The options are shown as you would enter them from the command line. If an option is used in a configuration file, you should use the long form (not the dash with a single letter) and omit the double-dash prefix. For example, you could enter --basedir=/data/mysql from the command line. In a configuration file, though, you would enter basedir=/data/mysql on its own line.


--ansi

Instructs the server to use standard ANSI SQL syntax, rather than MySQL syntax.


--basedir= path, -b path

Specifies the base directory for MySQL installation.


--big-tables

Instructs the server to save temporary results sets to a file to solve errors where results are large and tables are said to be full.


--bind-address= address

Specifies the IP address upon which the server is to bind. Use it to restrict network access on a host with multiple IP addresses.


--character-set-server= set

Start a server with a particular character set. It's available as of Version 4.1.3 of MySQL.


--character-sets-dir= path

Specifies the directory containing character sets.


--chroot= path

Runs the daemon with chroot( ) from the filesystem so as to start it in a closed environment for additional security. This is a recommended security measure as of Version 4 of MySQL. This option has vulnerabilities under Version 3.23.


--collation-server= collation

Starts a server with a particular collation. It's available as of Version 4.1.3 of MySQL.


--console

Displays the error messages to stdout and stderr.


--core-file

Instructs the server to create a core file if the daemon dies. Some systems also require the --skip-stack-trace option to be set, as well. Some systems also require the --core-file-size option when using mysqld_safe. On Solaris systems, if the --user option is used also, the server will not create the core file.


--datadir= path, -h path

Specifies the directory that contains datafiles (i.e, database directories and table files).


--debug[= options] , -# [ options]

Obtains a trace file of the daemon's activities. The debug options are typically 'd:t:o,filename'. MySQL has to be compiled for debugging using the --with-debug option when configuring.


--default-character-set= set

Specifies the default character set. This option is deprecated as of Version 4.1.3 of MySQL. Use the --character-set-server option instead.


--default-collation= collation

Specifies the collation to use as default. This option is deprecated as of Version 4.1.3 of MySQL. Use the --collation-server option instead.


--default-storage-engine= type

Specifies the default table type. It's synonymous with the --default-table-type option.


--default-table-type= type

Changes the default table type. MyISAM is the default unless you change it with this option.


--default-time-zone= zone

Specifies the default time zone for the server. The filesystem time zone is used by default.


--delay-key-write[= option]

Instructs the server on how to handle key buffers between writes for MyISAM tables. The choices are OFF, ON, and ALL. The ON choice delays writes for tables created with DELAYED KEYS. The ALL choice delays writes for all MyISAM tables regardless. MyISAM tables should not be accessed by another server or clients like myisamcheck when the ALL choice is used. It may cause corruption of indexes.


--delay-key-write-for-all-tables

Instructs the server not to flush key buffers between writes for MyISAM tables. As of Version 4.0.3 of MySQL, use --delay-key-write=ALL instead.


--des-key-file= filename

Instructs the server to obtain the default keys from the file named when the MySQL functions DES_ENCRYPT( ) or DES_DECRYPT() are used.


--enable-named-pipe

This enables support for named pipe connections with the mysqld-nt and mysqld-max-nt servers, which support them.


--exit-info[= flags], -T [ flags]

Displays debugging information when the daemon exits.


--external-locking

Previously called --enable-locking, this option allows system locking. Be careful when using this option on a platform with problems with lockd (e.g., Linux): the mysqld daemon may lock and you might have to reboot the server to unlock it.


--flush

Use this to have the server flush all changes to disk after each SQL statement and not to wait for the filesystem to determine the frequency of writes.


--help, -?

Displays basic help information and more information when it's combined with the --verbose option.


--init-file= filename

Instructs the server to read the SQL commands contained in the file named at startup. Each SQL statement in the file must be on one line only and cannot include comments.


--innodb-safe-binlog

Ensures consistency between the content of InnoDB tables and the binary log.


--language= language, -L language

Provides the name of the language preferred for user messages and, optionally, the path to the language file.


--log[= filename], -l [ filename]

Instructs the server to log connection information and queries to the path and file named, or to the default (host.log) if none is given.


--log-bin[= filename]

Enables binary logging of changes to databases to the path and name of the file given. If a filename isn't provided, the default name of host-bin.index will be used, where host is the hostname of the server and index is a numeric count.


--log-bin-index[= filename]

Names the path and filename for the index file for the binary log filenames. The default name for the log if none is specified with this option is host-bin.index, where host is the server's hostname and index is a numeric count.


--log-error[= filename]

Activates logging of error messages and server start-up messages to the path and filename given. The default name for the log if none is specified with this option is host.err, where host is the server's hostname.


--log-isam[= filename]

Activates logging of changes to ISAM and MyISAM tables to the path and filename given. This option is used only when debugging.


--log-long-format

Instructs the server to be more verbose in logs. This is the default setting as of Version 4.1 of MySQL. Use the --log-short-format option to disable this option.


--log-queries-not-using-indexes

When you use this with the --log-slow-queries option, all queries that do not use indexes are logged to the slow query log. This option is available as of Version 4.1 of MySQL.


--log-short-format

Instructs the server to be less verbose in logs. This option is available as of Version 4.1 of MySQL.


--log-slow-queries[= filename]

Instructs the server to log queries that take longer than the maximum number of seconds specified in the value of the long_query_time variable. If filename is specified, entries are recorded in the logfile named.


--log-update[= filename]

Activates logging of updates to the path and filename given. This feature is deprecated in favor of binary logging.


--log-warnings, -W

Activates logging of warning messages. Prior to Version 4 of MySQL, this option was invoked with the --warnings option. After Version 4.1.2, this option is enabled by default and can be disabled with the --skip-log-warnings option.


--low-priority-updates

Sets all SQL statements that modify data to a lower priority by default than SELECT statements.


--memlock

Use this on filesystems that support mlockall( ) system calls (e.g., Solaris) to lock the daemon in memory and thereby avoid the use of disk swapping and improving performance. It requires the daemon to be started by root, which may be a security problem.


--myisam-recover[= options]

Sets the MyISAM storage engine's recovery mode so that all MyISAM tables will be automatically checked and repaired if needed when the server starts. The choices of settings are BACKUP (makes backups of recovered tables that were changed), DEFAULT (disables this option), FORCE (runs recovery regardless of the risk of losing data), and QUICK (doesn't check rows for tables without any deletions). Multiple choices may be given in a comma-separated list.


--ndbcluster

Enables support for the NDB Cluster storage engine.


--nbd-connectstring= string

Specifies the connect string when using the NDB Cluster storage engine.


--new, -n

At the time of this writing, this option tests queries before upgrading from Version 4 to 4.1 of MySQL.


--old-protocol, -o

Has the server use Version 3.2 protocol of MySQL for compatibility with older clients.


--one-thread

Instructs the server to allow only one thread when debugging a Linux system.


--open-files-limit= number

Specifies the maximum number of file descriptors for the daemon.


--pid-file= path

Specifies the path to the process identifier file when using mysqld_safe.


--port= port, -P port

Specifies the port on which the server will listen for client connections.


--safe-mode

Disables some optimization at startup.


--safe-show-database

Hides database names that a user does not have permission to access.


--safe-user-create

Prevents a user from creating new users without INSERT privileges for the user table in the mysql database.


--secure

Enables reverse host lookup of IP addresses.


--secure-auth

Prevents authentication of users with passwords created prior to Version 4.1 of MySQL.


--set-variable variable=value

Sets a server variable. Enter mysqld --verbose --help for the current values for a particular server's variables.


--shared-memory

Allows shared memory connections by Windows clients locally. This option is available as of Version 4.1 of MySQL.


--shared-memory-base-name= name

Sets the name to use for shared memory connections in Windows. This option is available as of Version 4.1 of MySQL.


--skip-bdb

Disables the BDB storage engine.


--skip-concurrent-insert

Prevents simultaneous SELECT and INSERT statements for MyISAM tables.


--skip-delay-key-write

Disregards tables marked as DELAY_KEY_WRITE. As of Version 4.0.3 of MySQL, use --delay-key-write=OFF instead.


--skip-external-locking

Previously called --skip-locking, this option prevents system locking.


--skip-grant-tables

Instructs the server not to use the grants table and thus give all users full access. This is a security risk. If this option is used, restarting the server without this option or running the FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement from the terminal mode will re-enable privileges. You can use this option if you have lost the root password. It lets you log in without the password and then reset it.


--skip-host-cache

Disables the use of the internal host cache and requires DNS lookup for each new connection.


--skip-innodb

Disables the InnoDB storage engine.


--skip-isam

This option disables the ISAM storage engine. As of Version 4.1 of MySQL, this option is on by default.


--skip-locking

Disables server system locking.


--skip-name-resolve

This option requires a client's IP address to be named in the privileges tables for tighter security and faster connections.


--skip-ndbcluster

This option disables the NDB Cluster storage engine.


--skip-networking

Prevents network connections of clients and allows local connections only.


--skip-new

Instructs the server not to use new, questionable routines.


--skip-safemalloc

Prevents the server from checking for memory overruns when performing memory allocation and memory-freeing activities.


--skip-show-database

Prevents the SHOW DATABASES statement from being executed by users without that specific privilege.


--skip-stack-trace

Prevents the writing of stack traces.


--skip-symlink

Disables support for symbolic links. As of Version 4.0.3 of MySQL, use --symbolic-links to enable symbolic links and --skip-symbolic-links to disable them.


--skip-thread-priority

Prevents prioritizing of threads.


--socket= filename

Provides the path and name of the socket file to be generated (/tmp/mysql.sock on Unix systems by default). On Windows systems, this option is used to provide the pipe name (MySQL by default) for local connections.


--sql-mode= value

Sets the SQL mode. Multiple values may be given in a comma-separated list.


--temp-pool

Instructs the server to utilize a small set of names for temporary file naming rather than unique names for each file.


--tmpdir= path, -t path

Names the directory for the server to write temporary files. Multiple paths may be given in a colon-separated list.


--transaction-isolation= option

Sets the default transaction isolation level. The various levels available are READ-UNCOMMITTED, READ-COMMITTED, REPEATABLE-READ, and SERIALIZABLE.


--user= user, -u user

Starts the daemon with the filesystem username or user identifier number given. This is particularly useful when starting the daemon while logged in as root.


--version, -v

Displays the version of the server.



MySQL in a Nutshell
MYSQL in a Nutshell (In a Nutshell (OReilly))
ISBN: 0596514336
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2006
Pages: 134
Authors: Russell Dyer

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