Endnotes

¹ The action plan consisted of 60 items to be performed according to CEC (2000b).

² public switched telephone network

³ The full set of scenarios are available in Aarnio et al. (2002b). Also the method, Godet' structural scenario methodology (Godet, 1994), and its use, data sets, etc., are explained in the report. The fundamental difference with Godet's methodology from our perspective is that it takes explicitly into account the strategies and conflicts of interests of stakeholders. It also puts a lot emphasis on the path analysis, i.e., on the events leading from the present to the future states.

⁴ In addition to the e-commerce framework directive, the EU has passed a lot of secondary legislation dealing with e-commerce: Directive on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data (95/46/EC); Directive concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of personal privacy in the electronic communication sector (97/66/EC); Transparency Directive (98/48/EC); Directive on distance selling (97/7/EC); Proposal for a directive on the distance marketing of consumer financial services, COM (1998) 486; Political agreement in Council (Internal Market Council) 27.9.2001; Directive on a community framework for electronic signatures (1999/93/EC); Directive on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society (2001/29/EC): Council Regulation (EC) No. 44/2001 22.12.2000 on jurisdiction, and on the recognition and on the enforcement and judgments in civil and commercial matters; Proposal for a directive on the patentability of computer-implemented inventions, COM (2002) 92 final; Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 22.4.2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain.

⁵ CEC (1999) drew on the key messages of a series of consultations, reports, and independent studies, in particular the Communication on the Convergence of the Telecommunications, Media, and Information Technology Sectors; the Communication on the consultation on the Radio Spectrum Green Paper; the Report on the development of the market for digital television in the European Union; and the fifth report on the Implementation of the Telecom Regulatory Package.

⁶ Directive on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services, "Framework Directive" (2002/21/EC).

⁷ Directive on access and interconnection of, electronic communication networks and associated facilities, "Access Directive" (2002/19/EC).

⁸ Directive on the authorization of electronic communications networks and services, "Authorization Directive" (2002/20/EC).

⁹ Directive on universal service and users' rights relating to electronic communications networks and services, "Universal Service Directive" (2002/22/EC).

¹⁰ Data protection directive in the electronic communication sector. Common Position agreed 21.1.2002, 2000/0189 (COD).

¹¹ Regulation on unbundled access to the local loop. Regulation (EC) No 2887/2000, 18.12.2000.