Section 7.1. Defining the Site

7.1. Defining the Site

The first step in creating a new site in Dreamweaver is to provide a few key details about your project, such as where to save your files and how to connect to your web host. In Dreamweaver lingo, this is defining your site. When you define a new site, you calibrate Dreamweaver, so to speakyou set up Dreamweaver to work with the site.

While you don't have to define a site to start building and editing web pages, you should never skip this important step. Many of Dreamweaver's most useful features, such as checking for broken links and keeping track of your images, won't work unless you've defined your site. Also, if you manage more than one site at a time, your site definitions become all the more essential. Dreamweaver can handle multiple sites simultaneously, but it needs to know which site is which.

Defining a site isn't hard. As a matter of fact, you did the hard work already when you planned your site in the first part of this book. What you want to do now is describe your plan to Dreamweaver. This chapter takes you through the process.

TECHTALK

When you define a web site in Dreamweaver, you provide basic information about the site, which enables Dreamweaver to manage it more effectively.

7.1.1. Starting with the Basics

To begin your site definition, choose Site Manage Sites from the main menu. The Manage Sites dialog box appears, as Figure 7-1 shows. Click New, and from the drop-down menu, choose Site. This gives you the Site Definition dialog box shown in Figure 7-2.

Figure 7-1. From the Manage Sites dialog, click New to define a site

Figure 7-2. Use the Site Definition dialog box to define a new site

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To bypass the Manage Sites dialog box and jump right into the Site Definition dialog box, choose Site New Site. But see "Backing Up Your Definition later in this chapter for a good reason why you might want to keep the Manage Sites dialog box handy.

Notice the two tabs at the top of the Site Definition dialog box: Basic and Advanced. Basic mode works very much like a wizard, in that Dreamweaver takes you through the most important parts of the site definition step by step. This is an excellent way for beginners to start, so click the Basic tab if it isn't already selected.

First, type a name for your site in the specified field. This can be the domain name of your site, but it doesn't have to be. Choose whatever name you like, and feel free to use spaces to separate the words. You don't have to give something that looks like a filename. Also, the site name isn't written in stone. You can edit or change it at any time, even after your site is complete.

The next field asks for the site's URLthe Universal Resource Locator, which is just another name for the web address, which is the same as your domain name. You reserved your domain name in Chapter 2, so you know your URL. Type it here, including the http:// part, and click Next.

The next screen in the Site Definition dialog box asks if you're building a site with server technology such as ColdFusion or PHP, as shown in Figure 7-3. You know from Chapter 1 that server-side technology is essential for building dynamic, database-driven sites, but with that extra power comes a host of extra responsibilities and new technical challenges. For your first Dreamweaver site, client-side-only is the preferable option, so choose No if it isn't already selected, and click Next.

TECHTALK

Your URL (Universal Resource Locator) is the domain name of your site.

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If you say yes to server-side technology, the Site Definition dialog box asks you to choose your server software before you click Next.

Figure 7-3. Specify whether your site uses server-side technology

Now Dreamweaver asks about your production setup, as in Figure 7-4. The exact text of this screen changes depending upon your previous selection, but unless you're sharing site files over a local area network or working with a remote testing server, you want to select the option for editing locally. Local editing means that you store your site files on your personal computer. You make changes to your web site offline, and then, to publish your changes, you upload the revised pages to your web host.

Figure 7-4. Choose your production setup

The second part of this screen asks you about the local root folder, or the folder on your personal machine in which you store the files for your site. Dreamweaver supplies a default location and automatically creates the folder for you. On Windows computers, Dreamweaver creates the local root folder in My Document, an eminently convenient place. If you want to choose something else, click the folder icon, and navigate to your preferred location. Otherwise, go with the Dreamweaver default, and click Next.

The next screen in the site definition asks about your connection to the remote server. Remember that a remote computer is a computer other than your local, personal machine. In this context, the remote server is your web host. Unless you own a web server and host your site yourself, choose FTP from the drop-down menu. The appropriate fields appear in the Site Definition dialog box, as Figure 7-5 shows.

To fill out this screen, refer to the "Important Account Information" email that you received from your web host when you first signed up. If you can't find this email or never received one, visit your host's web site and look for the information there. If you still can't find it, get on the phone with customer service.

TECHTALK

The local root folder is the folder on your personal machine in which you store the files for your site.

BEHIND THE SCENES

You may have noticed that the Site Definition dialog box went from the Editing Files screens directly to Sharing Files, skipping over Testing Files entirely. The Testing Files portion of the site definition is for setting up a testing serverthe computer that runs the server-side software in a dynamic sitewhich you don't need when you're building a web site with only client-side technologies.

Figure 7-5. Supply information about your web host

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If you check the Save checkbox next to the field for your FTP password, you won't have to retype your password every time you upload changes to your site. Keep in mind, though, that by saving your password, you make it easier for mischief-makers in your household to get into Dreamweaver and make unauthorized changes to your site.

Pay special attention to the field labeled, "What folder on the server do you want to store your files in?" Here, Dreamweaver is asking for the remote root folder. Just as the local root folder is the folder on your personal machine in which you store your private site files, the remote root folder is the folder on your web host in which you store your live site filesthe ones that your visitors actually browse when they come to your site. Your web host may require you to store your remote files in a particular location. If so, give that location here. Otherwise, leave this field blank. Don't automatically type the name of your local root folder! The folder names don't necessarily (and probably won't) match.

TECHTALK

The remote root folder is the folder on your web host in which you store your live site files.

When you're done, click Test Connection. If Dreamweaver can't connect, double-check the information from your web host, and make sure that you've entered it exactly as your host recommends, down to the last dot and slash.

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Windows Firewall may send you a security alert the first time that you test your connection, informing you that it has blocked "some of the features" of Dreamweaver "for your protection." The features that Windows has blocked are the ones that allow you to connect to your web host and publish your site. Dreamweaver isn't malicious software, so click Unblock.

Click Next to go to the next screen, where Dreamweaver asks you about Check In/Check Out, as in Figure 7-6. This feature is handy if you're working as part of a design team and you need to prevent multiple team members from editing the same web page at the same time. If you're a one-person production house, then Check In/Check Out doesn't make much sense, so choose No.

Figure 7-6. Specify your preference for the Check In/Check Out feature

When next you click Next, you get a summary of your site definition, as Figure 7-7 shows. Review this information for accuracy. If you need to make any changes, click the Back button to step through the various screens in reverse order. Before you click Done, though, continue to the next section of this book, because you're not quite finished with the site definition.

BEHIND THE SCENES

On the summary screen, Dreamweaver reports that you'll set up access to your testing server later. Don't believe it. If you're building a client-side-only web site, you don't need a testing server, so you can ignore this cryptic remark.

Figure 7-7. Review your site definition so far

7.1.2. Filling in the Gaps

While the Basic method of defining a site hits all the mission-critical categories, it doesn't ask you about every Dreamweaver feature that you might want to enable or disable. Therefore, after you arrive at the summary screen but before you click Done, switch to the Advanced view of the Site Definition dialog box by clicking the Advanced tab, as shown in Figure 7-8.

Figure 7-8. Fine-tune your site definition from Advanced view

As you can see, Advanced view isn't a step-by-step wizard. Instead, you pick categories from a list, and the appropriate fields appear in the dialog box. By working through the Basic method, you've already supplied a lot of this information, so there's no need to revisit each category. You'll jump around a bit here.

Start by selecting the Local Info category. Then, toward the bottom of the dialog box, look for the Use Case-Sensitive Link Checking checkbox. Enabling this feature looks for discrepancies in the casing of your links (like products.html in the code when the actual filename is Products.html). Mismatched cases may cause problems with some web servers.

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After you've done a few site definitions, the Basic method might begin to feel like it's slowing you down. If so, you can always forego the wizard and jump directly into Advanced view.

Directly below this option, find the Cache checkbox, which should also be checked. The cache is Dreamweaver's internal record of your site's assetslinks, images, multimedia files, scripts, templates, and so on. Enabling the cache speeds up site management operations.

Now switch to the Cloaking category, and the Site Definition dialog box changes to the screen in Figure 7-9. Under Options, make sure that the Enable checkbox is checked. Cloaking, in essence, hides certain file types from Dreamweaver. If you store these files in your local root folder, Dreamweaver ignores them, which is very convenient for files that you don't want to upload to your web host but that belong in your local root folder anyway.

Figure 7-9. Cloaking hides certain types of files in your local root folder

Click the Cloak checkbox, and you see that Dreamweaver is preset to ignore FLA and PNG filesFlash and Fireworks documents, respectively. (Remember that Fireworks uses the PNG image-file format for its production files.) You may edit this list as your needs require. Just remember to separate file types with a single space, and don't forget the dot at the beginning of each file type. Table 7-1 lists some of the most common file types to cloak.

Table 7-1. File types to cloak

Files to cloak	File type
Director	.dir
Electronic PostScript (EPS) format	.eps
Fireworks	.png
Flash	.fla
FreeHand MX	.fh11
Illustrator	.ai
Photoshop	.psd

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If you use PNG images on the pages of your site instead of or in addition to GIFs, be sure not to cloak PNG files!

Finally, select the Design Notes category, and the Site Definition dialog box changes to the screen in Figure 7-10. Design Notes is a system for attaching comments to the pages that you build. This feature is helpful if you're working on a production team. You can share ideas, make constructive criticism, and submit pages for approval through Design Notes. In addition, Dreamweaver uses Design Notes internally to improve the level of integration with two other pieces of web design software, Fireworks and Flash. If you don't have Fireworks or Flash, and if you work alone, you should uncheck the Maintain Design Notes checkbox.

Figure 7-10. Enabling Design Notes

After you've reviewed the status of these features, you're finished with your site definition, so click OK. The Site Definition dialog box closes, and Dreamweaver adds your new site to the Manage Sites dialog box.

7.1.3. Backing Up Your Definition

Your data are valuable, and storage is cheap, so get into the habit of making backup copies of everything, including your site definition. To do this, click Export on the Manage Sites dialog box. (If the Manage Sites dialog box isn't already open, choose Site Manage Sites from the main menu.) The Exporting Site dialog box appears, as Figure 7-11 shows. Choose the option for backing up your settings, and click OK. The Exporting Site dialog box closes, and the Export Site dialog box opens.

Figure 7-11. Back up your site definition with the Exporting Sites dialog box

Dreamweaver stores your site definition in a special file of the STE type. Browse to a convenient location on your computer, and click Save in the Export Site dialog box to make your backup.

If you ever need to recover a lost site definition, choose Site Manage Sites from the main menu, click Import in the Manage Sites dialog box, use the Import Site dialog box to navigate to the STE file that you exported, and click Open.

Now that you've backed up your definition, click Done in the Manage Sites dialog box.

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Remember to keep your backups up to date! Whenever you edit your site definition, export a fresh copy of your STE file.