One of the better aspects of the Java language is that it has defined a very clear packaging mechanism for categorizing and managing the external API. Contrast this with a language like C, where external symbols may be found in the C library itself or in any of dozens of other libraries, with no clearly defined naming conventions.[1] APIs consist of one or more packages; packages consist of classes; classes consist of methods and fields. Anybody can create a package, with one important restriction: you or I cannot create a package whose name begins with the four letters java. Packages named java. or javax. are reserved for use by Sun Microsystems' Java developers. When Java was new, there were about a dozen packages in a structure that is very much still with us; some of these are shown in Table 23-1.
Many packages have since been added, but the initial structure has stood the test of time fairly well. In this chapter, I show you how to create and document your own packages, and then discuss a number of issues related to deploying your package in various ways on various platforms. |