ISO is a network of the national standards institutes of 146 countries, on the basis of 1 member per country, with a Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland, that coordinates the system. ISO is a nongovernmental organization.
The preceding list is not exhaustive. The following ISO standards are related to RFID technology and its use in real-world applications:
ISO 6346. Freight containersCoding, identification, and marking.
ISO 7810. Identification cardsphysical characteristics. Provides performance criteria, requirements for international exchanges, and minimum man-machine features criteria.
ISO 7816. Identification cardsintegrated circuit(s) cards with contacts. This is currently composed of the following 12 parts:
Part 1. Physical characteristics
Part 2. Dimensions and location of the contacts
Part 3. Electronic signals and transmission protocols
Part 4. Interindustry commands for interchange
Part 5. Numbering system and registration procedure for application identifiers
Part 6. Interindustry data elements for interchange
Part 7. Interindustry commands for Structured Card Query Language (SCQL)
Part 8. Commands for security operations
Part 9. Commands for card management
Part 10. Electronic signals and answer to reset for synchronous cards
Part 11. Personal verification through biometric methods
Part 12. Cryptographic information application
ISO 9798. Information technologySecurity techniquesEntity authentication. This is currently composed of the following five parts:
Part 1. General
Part 2. Mechanisms using symmetric encipherment algorithms
Part 3. Mechanisms using digital signature techniques
Part 4. Mechanisms using a cryptographic check function
Part 5. Mechanisms using zero knowledge techniques
ISO 9897. Freight containersContainer equipment data exchange (CEDEX)General communication codes.
ISO 10373. Identification cardstest methods. This is currently composed of the following six parts:
Part 1. General characteristics tests
Part 2. Cards with magnetic stripes
Part 3. Integrated circuit(s) cards with contacts and related interface devices
Part 5. Optical memory cards
Part 6. Proximity cards
Part 7. Vicinity cards
ISO 10374. Freight ContainersAutomatic Identification.
ISO 10536. Identification cardsContactless integrated circuit(s) cardsClose-coupled cards. This currently consists of the following three parts:
Part 1. Physical characteristics
Part 2. Dimensions and location of coupling areas
Part 3. Electronic signals and reset procedures
ISO 11784. Radio frequency identification of animalsCode structure. This specifies the identification code structure for identifying an animal using RFID. However, it does not specify any transmission protocol characteristics between an RFID tag and reader. This is provided by the next standard.
ISO 11785. Radio frequency identification of animalsTechnical concept. This specifies the transmission procedure between an RFID tag and reader.
ISO 14223. Radio frequency identification of animalsAdvanced transponders. This consists of the following part:
Part 1. Air interface. This specifies the air interface between the RFID reader and the advanced transponder (tag) that is fully compatible with ISO 11784 and 11785.
ISO 14443. Identification cardsContactless integrated circuit(s) cardsProximity cards. This is currently composed of the following four parts:
Part 1. Physical characteristics
Part 2. Radio frequency power and signal interface
Part 3. Initialization and anticollision
Part 4. Transmission protocol
ISO 14816. Road Traffic and Transport TelematicsAutomatic Vehicle and Equipment IdentificationNumbering and Data Structures.
ISO 15434. Information technologyTransfer syntax for high-capacity ADC media.
ISO 15459. Information technologyUnique identification of transport units. This is composed of the following two parts:
15459 Part 1. Technical standard
15459 Part 2. Registration procedures
ISO 15961. Information technologyRadio frequency identification (RFID) for item managementData protocol: application interface.
ISO 15962. Information technologyRadio frequency identification (RFID) for item managementData protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions.
ISO 15963. Information technologyRadio frequency identification for item managementUnique identification for RF tags. This describes numbering schemes for uniquely identifying RFID tags.
ISO 17358. Supply chain application for RFIDApplication requirements. This is currently under development.
ISO 17363. Supply chain application for RFIDFreight containers. This is currently under development.
ISO 17364. Supply chain application for RFIDTransport units. This is currently under development.
ISO 17365. Supply chain application for RFIDReturnable transport items. This is currently under development.
ISO 17366. Supply chain application for RFIDProduct packaging. This is currently under development.
ISO 17367. Supply chain application for RFIDProduct tagging. This is currently under development.
ISO 18000. Information technologyRFID for item management. This is currently composed of six parts:
Part 1. Reference architecture and definition of parameters to be standardized
Part 2. Parameters for air interface communications below 135 kHz
Part 3. Parameters for air interface communications at 13.56 MHz
Part 4. Parameters for air interface communications at 2.45 GHz
Part 6. Parameters for air interface communications at 860 to 930 MHz
Part 7. Parameters for active air interface communications at 433 MHz
ISO 18001. Information technologyRadio frequency identification for item managementApplication requirements profiles.
ISO 18046. RFID Tag and Interrogator Performance Test Methods. This is yet to be published.
ISO 18047. Information technologyRadio frequency identification device conformance test methods. This is split to mirror the ISO 18000 standard. This is currently composed of the following three parts:
Part 3. Test methods for air interface communications at 13.56 MHz
Part 4. Test methods for air interface communications at 2.45 GHz
Part 7. Test methods for air interface communications at 433 MHz
ISO 18185. Freight containersRadio frequency communication protocol for electronic seal. This is under development. This is composed of the following seven parts:
Part 1. Communication protocol
Part 2. Application requirements
Part 3. Environmental characteristics
Part 4. Data protection
Part 5. Sensor interface
Part 6. Message sets for transfer between seal reader and host computer
Part 7. Physical layer
ISO 19762. Information technology AIDC techniquesHarmonised Vocabulary. This is under development. This consists of the following three parts:
Part 1. General terms relating to AIDC
Part 2. Optically readable media (ORM)
Part 3. Radio frequency identification (RFID)
ISO 23389. Freight containersread-write radio frequency identification (RFID).
ISO 24710. Information technology AIDC techniquesRFID for Item ManagementISO 18000 Air Interface CommunicationsElementary Tag license-plate functionality for ISO 18000 air interface definitions.