List of Exhibits

---

Chapter 1: Introduction

Exhibit 1.1: Looking for the title of a song.

Exhibit 1.2: Components and information flow of a typical distributed multimedia system and database.

Exhibit 1.3: Average picture.

Exhibit 1.4: Architectural overview of multimedia components.

Exhibit 1.5: Principles of the MPEG-1 video compression technique.

Exhibit 1.6: Scalable coding in MPEG-2.

Exhibit 1.7: General organization of MPEG-4.

Exhibit 1.8: Object-based scalability in MPEG-4.

Exhibit 1.9: Organization of the book.

Chapter 2: MPEG-7: The Multimedia Content Description Standard

Exhibit 2.1: General organization of MPEG-7.

Exhibit 2.2: Main elements of the MPEG-7 standard and their relationship.

Exhibit 2.3: Usage of MPEG-7 in a multimedia database system.

Exhibit 2.4: Conceptual model and the description definition language.

Exhibit 2.5: Conceputal model in MPEG-7 for describing the mosaic images of a video segment.

Exhibit 2.6: Overview of the time entity.

Exhibit 2.7: Top: Key frames of the two shots and final frame (to the right); Bottom: Mosaic image of the video.

Exhibit 2.8: Illustration of the type derivation hierarchy for top-level types.

Exhibit 2.9: (a) Principal subclasses of the segment description schemes for describing multimedia content; (b) subtypes of the SegmentType and their elements.

Exhibit 2.10: Sample image for showing the usefulness of the color structure descriptor.

Exhibit 2.11: Sample image for showing the construction process of the histogram.

Exhibit 2.12: Organization of semantic entities in MPEG-7.

Exhibit 2.13: Semantic graph description for the running example.

Exhibit 2.14: Multimedia decomposition in MPEG-7.

Exhibit 2.15: Decomposition tree for the running example.

Exhibit 2.16: Encoding an Extensible Markup Language (XML) document in pieces.

Exhibit 2.17: AudioSegementType as subtype of the SegmentType, and their elements.

Exhibit 2.18: Small melody containing four notes.

Chapter 3: MPEG-21: The Multimedia Framework Standard

Exhibit 3.1: Parts of MPEG-21.

Exhibit 3.2: Relationship of the principal elements within the digital identification declaration model.

Exhibit 3.3: The components of the Rights Expression Language data model.

Exhibit 3.4: Example of the Rights Expression Language authorization process.

Exhibit 3.5: Digital item adaptation architecture.

Exhibit 3.6: Top-level types in the digital item adaptation schema.

Exhibit 3.7: Example of bitstream syntax description.

Exhibit 3.8: Digital item adaptation detailed with respect to the other MPEG-21 parts.

Exhibit 3.9: Relationship of the Moving Picture Experts Group standards.

Chapter 4: Multimedia Database Management Systems

Exhibit 4.1: General-purpose multimedia database management system and video server architecture.

Exhibit 4.2: Overview of high-level multimedia indexing.

Exhibit 4.3: Examples of automatic object segmentation using the Blobworld algorithms.

Exhibit 4.4: Indexing pyramid.

Exhibit 4.5: Indexing process in the ACTS project MODEST (multimedia object descriptors extraction from surveillance tapes) for road monitoring.

Exhibit 4.6: Identifying horses in image collection: sample detection.

Exhibit 4.7: Data partitioning and space partitioning strategies.

Exhibit 4.8: Example of a grid cell-tree. Nonuniform partition of the data space (left) and index tree (right).

Exhibit 4.9: VIDEX generic low- and high-level indexing parts.

Exhibit 4.10: Image content-based retrieval query mask of Query by Image Content.

Exhibit 4.11: Query mask of VideoQ.

Exhibit 4.12: Structured Query Language+D query processing and result interface.

Exhibit 4.13: Architecture of the Acoi/MIRROR System.

Exhibit 4.14: Architecture of the Distributed Multimedia Database Management System (DISIMA). ,

Exhibit 4.15: Set of tools proposed in the Multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System Projects (MARS). , ,

Exhibit 4.16: SMOOTH distributed multimedia system scenario.

Exhibit 4.17: SMOOTH query dialog.

Exhibit 4.18: Specification of a temporal constraint between two events in SMOOTH.

Exhibit 4.19: Extract of the annotator frame in SMOOTH.

Exhibit 4.20: Presentation manager in SMOOTH.

Exhibit 4.21: Architecture of the MPEG-7 multimedia data cartridge.

Exhibit 4.22: Multimedia database schema of the MPEG-7 multimedia data cartridge.

Chapter 5: Distributed Multimedia Database Systems

Exhibit 5.1: Client-server-based multimedia system.

Exhibit 5.2: Client-server-based multimedia system with different profiles.

Exhibit 5.3: Peer-to-peer-based multimedia system.

Exhibit 5.4: Peer-to-peer-based multimedia system relying on MPEG-21.

Exhibit 5.5: Simplified architecture of the Oracle video server.

Exhibit 5.6: Architecture of the parallel video server, Tiger.

Exhibit 5.7: JMF Standard Player application showing our example video, pisa.mpg.

Exhibit 5.8: Client-server multimedia system with content adaptation.

Exhibit 5.9: MPEG-7-based content adaptation: spatialReduction example.

Exhibit 5.10: End-to-end metadata-driven adaptation scenario.

---