Chapter 12: Server Configuration and Installation--Citrix Access Suite 4

Chapter 11 covered in depth Terminal Services installation, including server sizing and server imaging, detailed Registry optimizations, and detailed Terminal Services optimization. The next step in the process of a Presentation Server environment creation is the installation and configuration of Citrix Presentation Server 4 and its components . Chapter 3 discussed Presentation Server, its functions, and its purposes in detail. In this chapter we will discuss the installation of the Access Suite Licensing Server as well as the core Citrix Presentation Server components.

CITRIX PRESENTATION SERVER

Citrix Presentation Server is available for either Windows 2000 Server (Standard, Advanced, or Datacenter) or Windows Server 2003 (Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter). The current version at the time of writing is Presentation Server 4. We will be talking about the installation of a Presentation Server environment using Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition with a Microsoft SQL 2000 server to house the Data Store and a separate Access Suite Licensing Server.

Citrix Presentation Server Licensing Overview

Software licensing, just like software, continues to evolve . Both Microsoft and Citrix licensing is required for all Citrix environments. As discussed in Chapter 2, Microsoft licensing with Windows 2003 offers both per- user and per-seat (per computer) implementations . Citrix licensing is offered on a concurrent user basis. With both Microsoft and Citrix licensing, the license is not only an agreement describing the cost to the user and revenue to the vendor, it is also a technical implementation in which licenses are managed by the servers, and user access is disallowed if insufficient licenses are available. Although most companies today look at software licensing as purely an ethical and legal concern, for many applications, including Citrix and Microsoft, it is also a technical concern. On more than one occasion we have received calls from customers in a panic because users couldn't get logged in as a result of too few licenses, or a configuration mistake with the licensing.

The technical implementation of Citrix Access Suite (or any individual component like Presentation Server) licensing requires that one license be available for each concurrent user ICA connection to a Presentation Server server farm. The ICA client software is essentially free, as it can be installed on any device at no cost. Of course, when it is used to connect to a server, it will use up a concurrent license on the server farm. The Access Suite licensing is intelligent enough to recognize when a single user is running more than one session into the farm, and thus only take one license for that user. Because Citrix connection licenses are edition-specific (that is, they understand the difference between an Advanced server and an Enterprise server), we highly recommend that all environments use a consistent Citrix edition. This will avoid the problem of Citrix checking out two licenses to a single user because that user is connecting to both an Advanced edition server and an Enterprise edition server.

Once the first Citrix product is purchased, software can be installed on as many servers as desired. The license code provides for concurrent connections, regardless of how many servers those connections are spread across, as long as all the servers are of the same edition. Obviously, each additional server does require a new license of Windows 2003 Server, but from a Citrix standpoint, the number of servers has little bearing on the number of concurrent licenses. This provides a great deal of flexibility for Citrix administrators, allowing them to add servers as more power or flexibility is needed within the farm, without having to purchase more Citrix licensing.

Tip 

Possibly the most significant gain from this new licensing paradigm is that it allows an administrator to build nonproduction test servers within his farm without having to purchase additional Citrix licenses.

How Citrix Licenses Are Purchased

Citrix sells its software licenses through a worldwide group of resellers who purchase the licenses through several large distributors or, in some cases, from Citrix directly. Chapter 3 covers the various licensing program options.

Citrix Retail and Flex Software Licensing Any standard purchase of less than 375 licenses will be provided through resellers in the form of standard retail license packs or Easy Licensing electronic licensing packs . There are two main differences between Easy Licensing and standard retail licensing:

  • With Easy Licensing, all ordering and delivery is done from http://www.MyCitrix.com, in conjunction with a reseller. Since no physical paper is shipped, the time between order and install is dramatically reduced.

  • Easy Licensing does not require activationsimply key in the license codes and you are ready to go. In contrast, standard retail license packs require a two-step procedure of keying in the licensing and then going to the Citrix site to activate the licenses.

Retail and Easy License packs of Citrix Standard, Advanced, or Enterprise come in two varieties:

  • A media kit which includes software and documentation

  • A concurrent license pack (in increments of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 concurrent user licenses)

Corporate and Educational License Agreement Purchases Corporations purchasing more than 375 concurrent user licenses at a time may choose to buy licenses under Citrix's Corporate License Program (CLP) through the reseller channel. CLP licenses (referred to as open licenses) require a purchase up-front but offer a significant discount. Open licenses come in the same 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 concurrent license packs, but rather than requiring a starter pack, the open licenses come with a product code and a media kit (purchased separately). The media kit and product codes again can be installed on as many servers in the farm as desired. The license codes are installed and activated in the same way as all other Citrix codes. Since most open licenses involve a large number of installations, administrators will benefit from the new licensing program that automates that Citrix licensing components using a license file.

Access Suite License Server

The first step for setting up a Citrix environment is to install the licensing server. Access Suite 4 is the first Citrix software version in which all product licensing is centralized, meaning that multiple Windows-based server farms as well as UNIX-based server farms can use the same license server and pool licenses across those multiple farms.

Every time the Independent Management Architecture service is started and every time a user logs on to a Presentation Server, the IMA service checks with the license server to make sure there is a license available. In larger environments or environments with multiple zones or sites, the network traffic generated from the license server can be significant and thus should be taken into consideration when planning a Presentation Server environment. (Please see our Citrix Access Suite 4 Advanced Concepts: The Official Guide, Second Edition [McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2006] for detailed information on network requirements of the IMA and license server.)

Citrix Access Suite licensing components can be installed on either a separate, dedicated server or a server they share with another service or application (such as a Web server or a Citrix Presentation Server). The number of servers making connections to the license server will determine if a dedicated license server or a shared license server should be used. Environments with less than 50 connections to the license server can typically utilize a shared license server. This shared resource should be stable and highly available.

If there are more than 50 connections to the license server, then a server should be dedicated to running the Citrix licensing software. In large enterprise environments, multiple dedicated license servers will be required (approximately one for every 500 connections).

Access Suite License Server Requirements

For a new Access Suite License Server installation or upgrade, the following is required:

  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003

  • 30MB of disk space

  • Java JRE 1.4.2_06

  • IIS 5.0 or newer or Apache Web Server 2.0.49 (for Web console only)

Access Suite License Server Installation and Configuration

To install a license server with a license file, follow these steps:

  1. Install the license server and the License Management Console.

  2. Gather licensing information.

  3. Connect to http://www.mycitrix.com/ to download license files.

  4. Add the downloaded license files to the licensing server.

Install the License Server and the License Management Console

To install Access Suite licensing components using Setup, perform the following tasks :

  1. Log on to the computer that Access Suite licensing will be installed on, using a domain account that is also a member of the local Administrators group.

  2. Select the Product installations and updates from the product CD Autorun.

  3. Select the Access Suite licensing installation option.

  4. Accept the license agreement, review the installation prerequisites, and select Access Suite licensing as the component to install. If JRE 1.4.2_06 is not installed on the server, Setup installs it automatically.

  5. Choose the destination folder where the licensing components should be installed. By default, the licensing components are installed in C:\Program Files\Citrix.

  6. Select the licensing components to install. Install both the License Management Console and the license server software unless all license management will be done at the command line.

    Note 

    Running licensing setup requires temporarily stopping a Web service (IIS or Apache), which affects any dependent services. Run Setup when it is not disruptive to shut down this service.

  7. Choose the location of the license files. License files must be stored on the same drive as the license server software. By default, the license files are stored in C:\ Program Files\Citrix\Licensing\MyFiles.

    Note 

    License files cannot be stored at the root directory level. They must be stored in a folder or a subfolder.

  8. Select the Web server.

  9. Click OK to restart the Web server.

  10. Click Next to install the licensing components. After installing the licensing components, license files have to be added.

Note 

A citrix_startup.lic file should exist on all license servers upon installation. It should never be deleted, as it is a Citrix system file that

  • Allows product servers to maintain open connections to the license server.

  • Tracks which product servers are connected to the license server.

  • Stores licensing system information.

Gather Licensing Information

Before installing the software, gather your Citrix license information to avoid any interruptions during the installation:

  • License Code (either from the product package or emailed from Citrix)

  • User ID and password for http://www.MyCitrix.com

    Note 

    A MyCitrix user ID and password will be e-mailed to your organization's official contact following the purchase of a Citrix product. If the contact did not receive an e-mail or if a new logon is needed, contact your reseller or Citrix Customer Care.

  • The exact, case-sensitive spelling of the name of the server or cluster (hostname) where the license server software is installed

    Note 

    The best way to get this information is by typing hostname at a Windows command prompt.

Download License Files

Connect to http://www.mycitrix.com/, log on to MyCitrix, and select Licensing to allocate or activate licenses. Follow the directions in the Allocate or Activate Licenses section of the site to get a license file. Download the license file to a location that is accessible from the license server. Codes that have already been allocated can be viewed in the View Purchased Licenses section of the site.

All licenses do not have to be allocated and downloaded at once. Different numbers of licenses can be dedicated to specific environments or geographic locations.

Add the Downloaded License Files to the License Server

The license file has to be added to the server and then the server configuration reread in order for it to take affect. The two most common methods for adding the file to the license server and forcing a reread are

  1. From the Welcome page, click Configure License Server. The License Files Page will appear.

  2. Under the License Files heading, click Copy License File To This License Server. The license file will be reread automatically when it is added through the Web interface.

or

  1. Copy the license file to your license server C:\Program Files\Citrix\Licensing\ MyFiles folder on the license server and re-read it.

  2. To update the license data stored on the license server, use the lmreread license administration command.

Preparing the IMA Data Store Environment

As discussed in Chapter 3, Citrix provides four choices for database storage of the Data Store, including MS Jet (based on MS Access), MS SQL Server 2000, Oracle, and IBM DB2. Microsoft SQL Server 2005 is not officially supported at the time of the writing of this text, but it is expected to be supported in the near future. Since this text focuses on enterprise environments, we will look at Microsoft SQL Server 2000. Although Oracle and DB2 are also excellent enterprise database choices, SQL Server, according to Citrix customer information, has been the most deployed database of enterprises for the purpose of IMA Data Store collection. SQL supports all current Citrix Features, including Database replication, direct-mode access, and the Resource Manager Summary Database. MSDE also supports these features, without the need for a SQL client access license, although it is limited in database size . For readers interested in running the IMA Data Store on Oracle, we highly recommend refering to Citrix Access Suite 4 Advanced Concepts: The Official Guide, Second Edition.

Installation and Preparation of Microsoft SQL Server

If your enterprise already has a SQL Server 2000 with available capacity, simply connect to it according to the following Citrix installation instructions. If a SQL server with capacity is not readily available, it will need to be installed and configured on a dedicated Windows 2000 or 2003 Server hardware box. Obviously, the management of a SQL server can be a full-time activity all by itself, but for the purposes of a IMA Data Store, a general default installation (with some minor adjustments) running on a dedicated hardware box will suffice. For sake of security, stability, and functionality it is imperative to keep current with the latest service pack level.

To download the latest service pack for Microsoft SQL Server 2000, visit http://www.microsoft.com/sql/downloads/default.asp.

Note 

If you installed Microsoft SQL Server 2000 using the Typical installation option or via unattended installation procedures (sqlins.iss file), then you will need to set the default SQL authentication mode. By default, Windows Authentication is the default security model. Therefore, when you try to connect a Citrix server to the newly created Data Store by using a standard SQL login like system administrator (SA), you will receive the following error message:

 Unable to connect to server SERVER_NAME: Server: Msg 18452, Level 16, State 1[Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][SQL Server] Login failed for user'sa'. Reason: Not associated with a trusted SQL Server connection. 

To prevent this behavior, change the authentication mode to Mixed from the SQL Enterprise Manager on the SQL server (located on the Security tab of the server properties).

Creating the IMA Data Store with SQL Server 2000

Once the SQL server is running, the Data Store can be created on the SQL Server. Here are step-by-step instructions for creating the Data Store:

  1. Choose Start Programs Microsoft SQL Server Enterprise Manager.

  2. In the Enterprise Manager's left pane, expand the tree until you reach the folder level.

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  3. Right-click the Databases folder and choose New Database.

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  4. A dialog box appears. In the Name box, enter a name and click OK.

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  5. Expand the Security folder.

  6. Right-click Logins and choose New Login.

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  7. A dialog box appears with the General tab displayed. In the Name box, enter a name. Make note of the name because you will need to enter it during the Presentation Server installation.

  8. In the Authentication section of the General tab, click SQL Server Authentication and enter a password. Remember the password; you must enter it during the Presentation Server installation.

  9. In the Defaults area of the General tab, change the Database to the name you specified in Step 4.

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  10. Click the Database Access tab. In the Database list, select the database name specified in Step 4.

  11. In the Database Roles list, select DB_Owner. Leave other selected roles checked.

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  12. Click OK. You are prompted to confirm the password you created in Step 5. Doing so completes the database creation.

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Citrix Presentation Server Installation Requirements

For a new Citrix Presentation Server installation or upgrade, the following is required:

  • Operating System (MS Windows 2000 Server with Service Pack 4 or Windows Server 2003)

  • Disk Space requirements

    • 400MB for Citrix Presentation Server, Enterprise Edition

    • 50MB for the Presentation Server Management Console

    • 25MB for Access Suite Management Console

    • 35MB for Document Center

  • Terminal Services in application mode

  • Java Runtime Environment Version 1.4.2_06

  • Installer 3.0

  • .NET Framework Version 1.1 with Service Pack 1

Note 

Do not install .NET Framework Version 2.0 on systems that are running the Access Suite Console.

Preinstallation Tasks

Prior to installation, the following tasks should be performed:

  1. Choose the server farm name to be used.

  2. Install and configure the licensing server per the instructions given previously in this chapter.

  3. Configure the Data Store per the instructions given previously in this chapter.

  4. Determine what XML port is going to be used.

  5. Determine whether server drives will be remapped or not.

Installation Instructions for Citrix Presentation Server

These step-by-step instructions for installing Citrix Presentation Server 4 are not intended to be all-inclusive but will provide a good basis for installation in most organizations.

Step-by-Step Installation Instructions for Citrix Presentation Server 4

To install Citrix Presentation Server 4, do the following:

  1. Place the Citrix Presentation Server CD into the CD drive and let it autorun.

  2. Click the button next to Product installations and updates.

  3. Click the button next to Install Citrix Presentation Server 4 and its components.

  4. Scroll to the bottom of the license agreement, select the radio button for I Accept The License Agreement, and click Next.

  5. Click Next on the Prerequisites Installation screen.

    Note 

    If the prerequisites are not installed, then the installation will install those for automatically.

  6. Select the components that are desired for the installation.

    image from book
  7. Select the radio button "I already have a license server, or will use the product CD to install one later." Click Next.

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  8. Click Next to begin the installation of the Access Suite Management Console.

  9. Click Next on the Select Destination Folder screen or change the destination folder and then click Next.

  10. Select the components that are desired and click Next.

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  11. Click Next on the Ready To Install The Application screen.

  12. Click Finish to complete the installation of the Access Suite Management Console.

  13. Click Next to begin installation of Citrix Presentation Server.

  14. Select the edition of Presentation Server you are licensed for and click Next.

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  15. Select the components that are desired and click Next.

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    Note 

    We recommend that the Web Interface for Presentation Server not be installed on a Citrix Presentation Server. Although Web Interface for Presentation Server can be installed on the Presentation Server for pilot or small environments, it is not recommended for most environments due to inherent insecurity and potential performance bottlenecks. Additionally, if using the installation manager, only install the Installation Manager packager service on the packager server.

  16. Select the desired option for the pass-through authentication behavior and click Next. If No is selected at this screen, a reinstall of Presentation Server must be done in order to change the setting.

    image from book
  17. If a new farm is being installed, select Create A New Farm and click Next. If it is an existing farm, choose Join An Existing Farm and click Next. We are choosing a new farm for this exercise.

    image from book
  18. Enter the Farm name and type of Data Store; then click Next.

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    Tip 

    The default zone name will be the subnet address (192.168.250.0 shown in the example). Users can change this to Houston Zone or something that is more explanatory than the subnet address, but all future server builds will have to join that zone when they are built.

  19. Enter an appropriate description for the ODBC data source and choose the appropriate database server; then click Next.

    image from book
  20. Select SQL server authentication and enter the login ID and password that were created in the SQL portion of the install; then click Next.

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  21. Make sure the default database is the one you created for the Citrix Data Store and click Next.

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  22. Click Finish to complete the data source creation and Setup will bring up an ODBC Microsoft SQL Server Setup screen.

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  23. Click the Test Data Source button.

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  24. Make sure the test was successful and click OK for the Test Results, and then click OK again when you go back to the ODBC Microsoft SQL Server Setup screen.

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  25. Enter the appropriate account for the initial Citrix farm administrator and click Next.

    Note 

    It is important to use a domain administrator account, and to add a local administrator account following installation. If this is not done and the domain settings are changed, the CMC will become inaccessible, requiring a full rebuild of the server.

    image from book
  26. Enter the host name or IP address of the machine hosting your Citrix Access Suite license server and click Next.

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  27. Select the appropriate shadow permissions and click Next.

    image from book
    Note 

    If you choose the option to prohibit shadowing of the ICA and RDP sessions on this server, a full reinstall of Presentation Server will have to be performed to reverse this decision. On the other hand, if shadowing is enabled during installation, it can later be disabled using the Citrix Connection Configuration Utility without a reinstall.

  28. Configure the XML service port (it is frequently changed from 80 to 8080, 8081, or 8090 to alleviate conflicts with port 80 and denial of service issues with port 80 as well as support the Web Interface for Presentation Server and Citrix Secure Gateway installation discussed in Chapter 16), document the port chosen , and click Next.

    image from book
  29. Select what options are desired for the users to be added to the Remote Desktop Users group in Windows 2003 and click Next.

    Note 

    If the conference manager or guest users are not going to be used, it is best to leave the Anonymous users out of the Remote Desktop Users group.

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  30. Review the installation selections to verify they are correct and click Finish.

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  31. After installation is complete, select the option to Launch The Client Distribution Wizard and click Close.

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  32. Click Next to begin the Citrix ICA Client Distribution installation.

  33. Select the appropriate source location and click Next.

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  34. Choose either Typical or Custom install (if the settings need to be changed, it can be done after the ICA Client Update configuration program) and click Next.

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  35. After the installation of the ICA clients , click Finish.

  36. Click Next to begin the installation of the Citrix Presentation Server 4 Management Console.

  37. Click Next to install the application.

  38. Click Finish to complete the installation of the Citrix Presentation Server 4 Management Console.

  39. Click Next to begin the installation of the Document Center.

  40. Click Next to accept the default installation location.

  41. Click Finish to complete the installation of the Document Center.

  42. Examine the installation summary to make sure everything installed correctly and click Finish.

  43. Click Yes to reboot the server.

Installation is now complete, and configuration of Presentation Server and installation of applications can be done.



Citrix Access Suite 4 for Windows Server 2003. The Official Guide
Citrix Access Suite 4 for Windows Server 2003: The Official Guide, Third Edition
ISBN: 0072262893
EAN: 2147483647
Year: 2004
Pages: 137

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