References

[Dorigo 1996] Dorigo, Marco. ( 1996 ). "Ant Colonies for the Traveling Salesman Problem," BioSystems 43 : 73 “81.

[Dorigo et al. 1996] Dorigo, Marco, et al. ( 1996 ). "The Ant System: Optimization by a Colony of Cooperating Agents," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics-Part B 26, (1): 1 “13.

[Dorigo et al. 1999] Dorigo, Marco, et al. ( 1999 ). "Ant Algorithms for Discrete Optimization," available online at http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/420280.html (accessed January 17, 2003 )