E. Character Entities | Java Servlet Programming (Java Series)

Java Servlet Programming, 2nd Edition > E. Character Entities

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Appendix E. Character Entities

The following table lists the various Unicode escapes, HTML numeric entities, and HTML named entites for all printable ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) characters.

The numeric and named entities may be used within HTML pages; they are converted to symbols by web browsers. Unicode escapes may be used within servlet code; they are interpreted by the Java compiler. For example, a pound sign ( ) can be embedded in an HTML page as £ or £. It can be embedded directly in Java code as \u00A3.

Note that not every HTML character entity is universally supported. The Support column indicates its level of support. An S value means the numeric and named entity values for the symbol are part of the HTML standard. A P indicates the entity values are proposed standards not part of the HTML standard but in most cases widely supported. An N in the column indicates the entity values are nonstandard and poorly supported. For these symbols, it's often best to use Unicode escapes.

Unicode Escape	Numeric Entity	Named Entity	Symbol	Description	Support
`\u0009`	` `		`\t`	Horizontal tab	S
`\u000A`	` `		`\n`	Line feed	S
`\u000D`	` `		`\r`	Carriage return	S
`\u0020`	` `			Space	S
`\u0021`	`!`		`!`	Exclamation point	S
`\u0022`	`"`	`"`	`"`	Quotation mark	S
`\u0023`	`#`		`#`	Hash mark	S
`\u0024`	`$`		`$`	Dollar sign	S
`\u0025`	`%`		`%`	Percent sign	S
`\u0026`	`&`	`&`	`&`	Ampersand	S
`\u0027`	`'`		`'`	Apostrophe	S
`\u0028`	`(`		`(`	Left parenthesis	S
`\u0029`	`)`		`)`	Right parenthesis	S
`\u002A`	`*`		`*`	Asterisk	S
`\u002B`	`+`		`+`	Plus sign	S
`\u002C`	`,`		`,`	Comma	S
`\u002D`	`-`		`-`	Hyphen	S
`\u002E`	`.`		`.`	Period	S
`\u002F`	`/`		`/`	Slash	S
`\u0030`-`\u0039`	`0`-`9`		`0`-`9`	Digits 0 9	S
`\u003A`	`:`		`:`	Colon	S
`\u003B`	`;`		`;`	Semicolon	S
`\u003C`	`<`	`<`	`<`	Less than	S
`\u003D`	`=`		`=`	Equals sign	S
`\u003E`	`>`	`>`	`>`	Greater than	S
`\u003F`	`?`		`?`	Question mark	S
`\u0040`	`@`		`@`	Commercial at sign	S
`\u0041`-`\u005A`	`A`-`Z`		`A`-`Z`	Letters A Z	S
`\u005B`	`[`		`[`	Left square bracket	S
`\u005C`	`\`		`\`	Backslash	S
`\u005D`	`]`		`]`	Right square bracket	S
`\u005E`	`^`		`^`	Caret	S
`\u005F`	`_`		`_`	Underscore	S
`\u0060`	```		`	Grave accent	S
`\u0061`-`\u007A`	`a`-`z`		`a`-`z`	Letters a z	S
`\u007B`	`{`		`{`	Left curly brace	S
`\u007C`	`\|`		`\|`	Vertical bar	S
`\u007D`	`}`		`}`	Right curly brace	S
`\u007E`	`~`		`~`	Tilde	S
`\u0082`	``		`,`	Low left single quote	N
`\u0083`	``			Florin	N
`\u0084`	``		,,	Low left double quote	N
`\u0085`	``		...	Ellipsis	N
`\u0086`	``			Dagger	N
`\u0087`	``			Double dagger	N
`\u0088`	``		`^`	Circumflex	N
`\u0089`	``			Permil	N
`\u008A`	``			Capital S, caron	N
`\u008B`	``		<	Less-than sign	N
`\u008C`	``			Capital OE ligature	N
`\u0091`	``		`	Left single quote	N
`\u0092`	``		'	Right single quote	N
`\u0093`	``		"	Left double quote	N
`\u0094`	``		"	Right double quote	N
`\u0095`	``			Bullet	N
`\u0096`	``		-	En dash	N
`\u0097`	``			Em dash	N
`\u0098`	``		`~`	Tilde	N
`\u0099`	``			Trademark	N
`\u009A`	``			Small s, caron	N
`\u009B`	``		>	Greater-than sign	N
`\u009C`	``			Small oe ligature	N
`\u009F`	``			Capital Y, umlaut	N
`\u00A0`	` `	` `		Nonbreaking space	P
`\u00A1`	`¡`	`¡`		Inverted exclamation point	P
`\u00A2`	`¢`	`¢`		Cent sign	P
`\u00A3`	`£`	`£`		Pound sign	P
`\u00A4`	`¤`	`¤`		General currency sign	P
`\u00A5`	`¥`	`¥`		Yen sign	P
`\u00A6`	`¦`	`¦`	\|	Broken vertical bar	P
`\u00A7`	`§`	`§`		Section sign	P
`\u00A8`	`¨`	`¨`		Umlaut	P
`\u00A9`	`©`	`©`		Copyright	P
`\u00AA`	`ª`	`ª`		Feminine ordinal	P
`\u00AB`	`«`	`«`		Left angle quote	P
`\u00AC`	`¬`	`¬`		Not sign	P
`\u00AD`	``	``	`-`	Soft hyphen	P
`\u00AE`	`®`	`®`		Registered trademark	P
`\u00AF`	`¯`	`¯`		Macron accent	P
`\u00B0`	`°`	`°`		Degree sign	P
`\u00B1`	`±`	`±`		Plus or minus	P
`\u00B2`	`²`	`²`	²	Superscript 2	P
`\u00B3`	`³`	`³`	³	Superscript 3	P
`\u00B4`	`´`	`´`		Acute accent	P
`\u00B5`	`µ`	`µ`		Micro sign (Greek mu)	P
`\u00B6`	`¶`	`¶`		Paragraph sign	P
`\u00B7`	`·`	`·`		Middle dot	P
`\u00B8`	`¸`	`¸`		Cedilla	P
`\u00B9`	`¹`	`¹`	¹	Superscript 1	P
`\u00BA`	`º`	`º`		Masculine ordinal	P
`\u00BB`	`»`	`»`		Right angle quote	P
`\u00BC`	`¼`	`¼`	¹/₄	Fraction one-fourth	P
`\u00BD`	`½`	`½`	¹/₂	Fraction one-half	P
`\u00BE`	`¾`	`¾`	³/₄	Fraction three-fourths	P
`\u00BF`	`¿`	`¿`		Inverted question mark	P
`\u00C0`	`À`	`À`		Capital A, grave accent	S
`\u00C1`	`Á`	`Á`		Capital A, acute accent	S
`\u00C2`	`Â`	`Â`		Capital A, circumflex accent	S
`\u00C3`	`Ã`	`Ã`		Capital A, tilde	S
`\u00C4`	`Ä`	`Ä`		Capital A, umlaut	S
`\u00C5`	`Å`	`Å`		Capital A, ring	S
`\u00C6`	`Æ`	`Æ`		Capital AE ligature	S
`\u00C7`	`Ç`	`Ç`		Capital C, cedilla	S
`\u00C8`	`È`	`È`		Capital E, grave accent	S
`\u00C9`	`É`	`É`		Capital E, acute accent	S
`\u00CA`	`Ê`	`Ê`		Capital E, circumflex accent	S
`\u00CB`	`Ë`	`Ë`		Capital E, umlaut	S
`\u00CC`	`Ì`	`Ì`		Capital I, grave accent	S
`\u00CD`	`Í`	`Í`		Capital I, acute accent	S
`\u00CE`	`Î`	`Î`		Capital I, circumflex accent	S
`\u00CF`	`Ï`	`Ï`		Capital I, umlaut	S
`\u00D0`	`Ð`	`Ð`		Capital eth, Icelandic	S
`\u00D1`	`Ñ`	`Ñ`		Capital N, tilde	S
`\u00D2`	`Ò`	`Ò`		Capital O, grave accent	S
`\u00D3`	`Ó`	`Ó`		Capital O, acute accent	S
`\u00D4`	`Ô`	`Ô`		Capital O, circumflex accent	S
`\u00D5`	`Õ`	`Õ`		Capital O, tilde	S
`\u00D6`	`Ö`	`Ö`		Capital O, umlaut	S
`\u00D7`	`×`	`×`	x	Multiply sign	P
`\u00D8`	`Ø`	`Ø`		Capital O, slash	S
`\u00D9`	`Ù`	`Ù`		Capital U, grave accent	S
`\u00DA`	`Ú`	`Ú`		Capital U, acute accent	S
`\u00DB`	`Û`	`Û`		Capital U, circumflex accent	S
`\u00DC`	`Ü`	`Ü`		Capital U, umlaut	S
`\u00DD`	`Ý`	`Ý`		Capital Y, acute accent	S
`\u00DE`	`Þ`	`Þ`		Capital thorn, Icelandic	S
`\u00DF`	`ß`	`ß`		Small sz ligature, German	S
`\u00E0`	`à`	`à`		Small a, grave accent	S
`\u00E1`	`á`	`á`		Small a, acute accent	S
`\u00E2`	`â`	`â`		Small a, circumflex accent	S
`\u00E3`	`ã`	`ã`		Small a, tilde	S
`\u00E4`	`ä`	`ä`		Small a, umlaut	S
`\u00E5`	`å`	`å`		Small a, ring	S
`\u00E6`	`æ`	`æ`		Small ae ligature	S
`\u00E7`	`ç`	`ç`		Small c, cedilla	S
`\u00E8`	`è`	`è`		Small e, grave accent	S
`\u00E9`	`é`	`é`		Small e, acute accent	S
`\u00EA`	`ê`	`ê`		Small e, circumflex accent	S
`\u00EB`	`ë`	`ë`		Small e, umlaut	S
`\u00EC`	`ì`	`ì`		Small i, grave accent	S
`\u00ED`	`í`	`í`		Small i, acute accent	S
`\u00EE`	`î`	`î`		Small i, circumflex accent	S
`\u00EF`	`ï`	`ï`		Small i, umlaut	S
`\u00F0`	`ð`	`ð`		Small eth, Icelandic	S
`\u00F1`	`ñ`	`ñ`		Small n, tilde	S
`\u00F2`	`ò`	`ò`		Small o, grave accent	S
`\u00F3`	`ó`	`ó`		Small o, acute accent	S
`\u00F4`	`ô`	`ô`		Small o, circumflex accent	S
`\u00F5`	`õ`	`õ`		Small o, tilde	S
`\u00F6`	`ö`	`ö`		Small o, umlaut	S
`\u00F7`	`÷`	`÷`		Division sign	P
`\u00F8`	`ø`	`ø`		Small o, slash	S
`\u00F9`	`ù`	`ù`		Small u, grave accent	S
`\u00FA`	`ú`	`ú`		Small u, acute accent	S
`\u00FB`	`û`	`û`		Small u, circumflex accent	S
`\u00FC`	`ü`	`ü`		Small u, umlaut	S
`\u00FD`	`ý`	`ý`		Small y, acute accent	S
`\u00FE`	`þ`	`þ`		Small thorn, Icelandic	S
`\u00FF`	`ÿ`	`ÿ`		Small y, umlaut	S

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