Take a survey of your directory-enabled applications. Understand the scope of the directory data they need to interact with. Understand the performance requirements.
If you have already decided on a particular vendor's directory server software, understand its practical limitations, especially the number of entries that can be stored in a partition and how easily partitions can be managed. If you are still in the decision-making process and selecting server software, you should take these factors into consideration when making your purchase decision.
Review your physical network topology. Are there WAN links that might be saturated by excessive directory traffic? If so, strive to limit the amount of traffic that needs to span those links.
Review your directory namespace requirements and design. Does your namespace fit naturally with a partitioning arrangement that minimizes WAN traffic? Is there some other namespace arrangement that is a better fit?
Understanding and Deploying LDAP Directory Services, 2002 New Riders Publishing